What pooling on the interior track actually means
The interior track is the last thing standing between the sill cavity and your floor. Water sitting there means the door's drainage path has failed somewhere upstream.
In most cases the exterior track filled up faster than it could drain, then overflowed the divider rail between the two tracks. That's a clogged weep hole, and it's a 20 minute fix.
The rest of the time it's a failed sill seal, a panel that has dropped off its weatherstrip, or condensation that has nothing to do with rain at all.
Start with drainage before you start with theories. A cup of water and a stopwatch will tell you more than an hour of internet reading.
How a sliding door is supposed to shed water
Sliding doors aren't watertight at the sill and were never designed to be. They manage water instead of blocking it.
Rain that gets past the exterior panel collects in the outer track, which acts as a shallow gutter. Weep holes at the bottom of the sill let that water exit back outside.
Many doors have small plastic flapper covers over those weeps. They swing open under the weight of outbound water and press shut under wind pressure, which keeps a gust from pushing rain back into the sill.
The divider rail between the two tracks is the overflow point. Depending on the door, you've got roughly 1/4 to 1/2 inch of standing water before it tips over into the interior track.
- Two to four weeps per door, located on the exterior face of the sill
- Flapper covers typically last 10 to 15 years before UV makes them brittle
- A single blocked weep on a 6 foot door can cut drainage capacity by half
- Track brushes and pile weatherstrip slow water down but don't stop it